मन्त्रिष्वाधाय तद्राज्यं गङ्गावतरणे रत:। स तपो दीर्घमातिष्ठद्गोकर्णे रघुनन्दन।।1.42.12।। ऊर्ध्वबाहु: पञ्चतपा मासाहारो जितेन्द्रिय:।
Meaning
Delight of Raghu, entrusting the kingdom to his ministers, intent on bringing Ganga down, he undertook long austerity at Gokarna, arms raised, practicing the five-fire penance, eating once a month, senses conquered.
Word-by-word (pada-artha)
| Word | Devanagari | Meaning | Grammatical role |
|---|---|---|---|
| mantriṣu ādhāya tat rājyam | मन्त्रिषु आधाय तत् राज्यम् | having entrusted that kingdom to his ministers | Locative / Gerund / Accusative |
| gaṅgā-avataraṇe rataḥ | गङ्गा-अवतरणे रतः | intent on the descent of Ganga | Locative / Nominative |
| sa tapaḥ dīrgham atiṣṭhat | स तपः दीर्घम् अतिष्ठत् | he undertook long austerity | Nominative / Accusative / Accusative / Verb (imperfect) |
| gokarṇe raghu-nandana | गोकर्णे रघु-नन्दन | at Gokarna, O delight of the Raghus | Locative / Vocative |
| ūrdhva-bāhuḥ pañca-tapā | ऊर्ध्व-बाहुः पञ्च-तपा | arms raised, subjected to the five fires | Nominative singular (x2) |
| māsa-āhāraḥ jita-indriyaḥ | मास-आहारः जित-इन्द्रियः | taking food only once a month, senses conquered | Nominative singular (x2) |
Scholar commentary
valmikiramayan.net Prose Commentary
Desiraju Hanumanta Rao's prose rendering with embedded explanatory notes
The source glosses the 'five-fires' (panca agni) penance: the four earthly fires kindled at the four cardinal directions, plus the sun's fire overhead, making five, all endured simultaneously by the ascetic standing at their center.
1 of 16 traditions have commentary on this shloka. Traditions without a verse-specific commentary here are omitted rather than filled in.
Reference: 1.42.12 · Bāla Kāṇḍa